Lung Contusion

A pulmonary contusion, also known as lung contusion, is a bruise of the lung, caused by chest trauma. As a result of damage to capillaries, blood and other fluids accumulate in the lung tissue.

A pulmonary contusion refers to an interstitial and/or alveolar lung injury without any frank laceration. It usually occurs secondary to non-penetrating trauma. While contusion can affect anyone, children are considered more susceptible due to greater pliability of the chest wall at a young age.

Contusion or intracerebral hematoma. A contusion is a bruise to the brain itself. A contusion causes bleeding and swelling inside of the brain around the area where the head was struck. Contusions may occur with skull fractures or other blood clots such as a subdural or epidural hematoma.

It is contrasted with penetrating trauma which occurs when an object pierces the skin and enters a tissue of the body, creating an open wound and bruise. Blunt trauma can result in contusions, abrasions, lacerations, internal hemorrhages, and bone fractures.

A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury, or TBI, caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or by a hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. Rapid movement causes brain tissue to change shape, which can stretch and damage brain cells.

Treatment for contusions. Immediate treatment of a contusion should involve rest and cold therapy application. The injury should also be elevated and a compression bandage or support applied, to help minimise bleeding and swelling. This protocol should be continued until all bleeding has stopped.

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Blunt impact injuries result from direct contact of a blunt object with a body. A contusion results from the blunt impact of significant force to rupture capillaries underneath the skin surface while leaving the skin surface intact, while an abrasion results from scraping off of the superficial epidermis.

Alternatively, a smaller force applied to a smaller area will result in less tissue damage; for example, the impact of a thrown baseball to the shoulder of an individual will likely cause minor blunt trauma. Head trauma and exsanguination are the most common early causes of death due to blunt traumatic injury.

Pulmonary contusion is defined as pulmonary destruction with alveolar hemorrhage, which usually occurs as a result of blunt chest trauma without laceration. 156, 157, 158 In case of severe blunt thoracic trauma, pulmonary contusion should always be investigated.

Blunt trauma, also known as non-penetrating trauma or blunt force trauma, refers to injury of the body by forceful impact, falls, or physical attack with a dull object. Penetrating trauma, by contrast, involves an object or surface piercing the skin, causing an open wound.